NEWS

---

mapbayr 0.10.0 (2023-07-17)

New features

Model averaging

• New model_averaging() to make averaged predictions over estimations performed from several models. Also exports do_model_averaging() and compute_weights() for low-level implementations.

Prediction-corrected Visual Predictive Checks

• New mapbayr_vpc() to make prediction-corrected visual predictive checks (pcvpc) from a given model and dataset. Control the independent variable (idv), and the stratification on a numeric variable in the dataset (stratify_on).

Minor changes and Bug Fixes

• hist() method (hist.mapbayests()) now shows the values of eta-shrinkage in multiple subjects setting. New argument shk to control the definition of shrinkage, either based on the standard deviation ("sd") or on the variance ("var") (@LauraMvn, #192).
• New mapbayr_plot() in order to plot results from tables (data.frame). This is the function now called by plot.mapbayests() internally. Can plot the results of multiple estimation object (informed in the column "MODEL"), useful when model averaging is performed. Argument MODEL_color to force the color of a model on the plot.
• New do_mapbayr_sims() as an engine to simulate from estimation results. Experimental. Now mostly useful for internal or programmatic uses, but might be extended in the future.
• Refactor augment.mapbayests(). Now easier to debug and much more faster, especially when uncertainty on predictions is required.
• Refactor OFV computation: parameters ("ETA") are now passed through the data set and not through $PARAM, however the definition on "ETA" in $PARAM remains mandatory.
• Now postprocesses datasets with >=2 missing covariates (#185).
• "ETA" parameters cannot be longer declared as "@covariates" in $PARAM to avoid hazardous behaviours (@jbwoillard, #187).
• By default, augment() now simulates at least 200 points per individual. Fix a bug where delta was miscalculated and strange-looking plots were sometimes generated (@LauraMvn, #191).
• The mapbay_tab now has the same number of rows as original data especially if it did not have observation rows (@LauraMvn, #193).
• With data helpers, the .datehour column is updated after realize_addl is being called (@LauraMvn, #194).
• Dependencies: mrgsolve (>= 1.0.8) to benefit from the etasrc specification.
• Suggestions: scales.
• Add Laura Morvan @LauraMvn as contributor.

mapbayr 0.9.0 (2023-02-02)

New features

Data Helpers

• New adm_rows() and obs_rows() replace and improve adm_lines() and obs_lines(), respectively. See ?data_helpers for a comprehensive documentation (#175).
• In adm_rows(), obs_rows(), and add_covariates(), the first argument x:
  • can be missing, which enables the creation of a new dataset from scratch.
  • accepts a data.frame, which enables the modification of a pre-existing dataset (#155). For example:

    adm_rows(amt = 100, cmt = 1) %>% 
      obs_rows(time = 24, cmt = 2, DV = 0.123)
    

  • still accepts an 'mrgsolve' model, which enables the modification of a dataset stored in the model arguments.
• In adm_rows() and obs_rows(), new argument .datehour in order to compute time as function of date and hours provided as character. The value passed to .datehour is parsed with parse_datehour() into a date-time value ("POSIXct"). For example:

  obs_rows(.datehour = c("2023/02/01 12:00", "2023/02/01 12:34"), DV = c(0.123, 0.456), cmt = 1)
  

• Data helpers now always rearrange data to fulfill the NM-TRAN compatibility and readability: filling missing covariate values with the last observation carried forward rule, relocation of NM-TRAN variables in the first positions etc...

Below Limit of Quantification

• Data below the limit of quantification can now be handled with the so-called "M3 method" which consists in computing the likelihood of being below the limit of quantification. This is achieved when the variables LLOQ (lower limit of quantification, e.g. 0.22 mg/L) and BLQ (below limit of quantification, e.g. 1 or 0) are in the data (@pchelle, #182).
• This can be achieved by:
  • adding the variables LLOQ and BLQ to the data by yourself.
  • adding the variable LLOQ to the data by yourself: BLQ will automatically be inferred from LLOQ and DV.
  • using mapbayest(lloq = ) to automatically add the LLOQ and BLQ variables in the data.
• In mapbayest(), new argument lloq in order to add a variable LLOQ to the data. For example: mapbayest(model, data, lloq = 0.22).

Estimation features

• In mapbayest(), new argument select_eta in order to select the numbers of the ETAs to estimate. Default are ETAs related to an OMEGA not equal to zero. Non-selected ETAs will not be estimated and returned equal to zero. This can be useful in order to ignore the estimation of ETAs not of interest, e.g. in case of inter-occasion variability or non-identifiability. For example: mapbayest(model, data, select_eta = c(1,3)) (#170).

• In mapbayest(), new argument lambda in order to modify the weight of the priors in the Bayesian estimation. This could be useful in order to flatten the priors with the objective to favor observed data instead of a priori information. For example: mapbayest(model, data, lambda = 0.1) to decrease the weight of priors of a ten-fold (#174).

Minor changes and bug fixes

• Export adm_rows.data.frame(), adm_rows.missing(), adm_rows.mrgmod(), obs_rows.data.frame(), obs_rows.missing(), obs_rows.mrgmod(), and add_covariates.data.frame(), as new methods for data helpers.
• Export parse_datehour(), used to parse arguments passed to .datehour in adm_rows() and obs_rows().
• Export filter.mrgmod(), a method, wrapper around dplyr::filter() for dataset stored in mrgsolve model object ('mrgmod').
• Deprecate adm_lines() and obs_lines(). Stop exporting adm_lines.mrgmod() and obs_lines.mrgmod().
• Stop exporting see_data(). Was deprecated since 0.4. Use get_data() instead.
• Suggests lubridate.
• In the final estimation object, new arg.optim$select_eta element, arg.ofv.fix$omega_inv now has the dimensions of the number of ETAs selected.
• OMEGA values equal to zero are allowed in the model and will be ignored during the estimations steps thanks to the new select_eta argument. This condition is not tested anymore with check_mapbayr_model().
• print.mapbayests(), now only shows the estimated ETAs.
• In hist(), new argument select_eta in order to select the ETAs to plot. Default are ETAs estimated with mapbayest() (#167).
• eta() properly sorts vectors of length superior to 9 (#159).
• use_posterior() works if covariates had not been defined in data (#160).
• In hist(), get_phi() and plot_phi(), ETAs are now properly re-ordered if they are more than 9 (#165).
• Classification of absolute difference equal to zero now works (#166).
• Observations at time = 0 are now allowed (#168).
• Fix deprecations related to tidyverse packages (#171).
• Depends on ggplot2 >= 3.4.0.
• add_covariates() accepts empty arguments.
• In mapbayest(), new argument ... in order to fix compatibility issues, not used yet.

mapbayr 0.8.0 (2022-09-29)

New features

• New summarise_phi() and bar_phi() summarizes the comparison of estimation of 'mapbayr' and 'NONMEM' (i.e. classifies it as Excellent/Acceptable/Discordant) and graphically represents it as a bar plot.
• New eta() generates numerical values named ETA1, ETA2, ETA3..., either from scratch, from a pre-existing vector or from a 'mrgsolve' model object.
• In plot(), PREDICTION = c("IPRED", "PRED") controls to plot either "PRED", "IPRED" or both (#113).
• In add_covariates(), covariates is relocated in last position, in the favor of ... which now accepts covariate values. Calling add_covariates(list(BW = 90)) will still works (with a warning) for the sake of compatibility but will be deprecated. Instead, just use add_covariates(BW = 90) or explicitly call add_covariates(covariates = list(BW = 90)) if you want to pass covariate values as a list (#156).
• In get_eta(), output = "num" returns a matrix if multiple IDs are available instead of an error message (#145).

Minor changes

• Stop exporting postprocess.optim() and postprocess.output(). Removed due to refactoring of internal post-processing.
• Stop exporting adm_0_cmt().
• In mapbayest(), reset is now a numeric and drives the maximum allowed reset during optimization.
• The progress bar is now forced to appear, especially in the RStudio job launcher.
• check_mapbayr_model() now returns an error if a check fails instead of a table that summarized the errors.
• check_mapbayr_model() now only checks critical points and not suggested features.
• check_mapbayr_model() now explicitly forbids IPRED, PRED and ETA1, ETA2... (#148).

Internal

• Data splitting is simpler (#127).
• Post-processing is faster and its content depends on mapbayest(output = ) (#134).
• Optimization is faster thanks to stats::optim() if method is 'L-BFGS-B' and minqa::newuoa() if method is 'newuoa'. These replace optimx::optimx() (#136).
• Remove dependency to optimx package.
• Downgrade tibble package from dependency to suggestion.
• Test refactor and more tests for internal *_cmt functions.
• Remove unexported functions from documentation.

Bug fixes

• vs_nonmem() and get_phi() works even if covariance was missing/failing in mapbayests object (#126).
• pred() does not generate NaN if small negative concentrations were predicted after log-transformation (#140).
• pred() does not propagate 'mrgsolve' error when lag time is longer than inter-dose interval at steady-state (#142).
• Non-loaded shared object are now explicitly detected (#130).
• The absence of NA values in DV if mdv == 0 is checked (#131).
• The compartment numbers in the data is compared to compartments defined in the model (#132).
• check_mapbayr_model() is now called before any use the model inside mapbayest() (#149).
• A better error message is rendered if covariates are not properly tagged in the model (#92).
• It is possible to use sigma labels to define DV if error is exponential (#150).
• In obs_lines(), mdv will be 1 if DV is set to NA (#147).

mapbayr 0.7.3 (2022-05-26)

• Minor changes in DESCRIPTION file (CRAN requirements)

mapbayr 0.7.2

• Change contact address in description (CRAN requirements)

mapbayr 0.7.1

• Fix additional CRAN checks (Mac M1)

mapbayr 0.7.0 (2022-05-20)

Breaking changes

• Change the outputs of pre-processing functions. For fixed elements, qmod, omega_inv and all_cmt now replace mrgsolve_model, omega.inv and obs_cmt. For individual-related elements, idDV replaces DVobs, data is removed, idvaliddata and idcmt are added. This can have an impact for the user since these elements are reported in the standard output. However, it does not change the behaviour of get_data().
• Change argument behaviour: mapbayest(verbose = TRUE) now only displays the messages related to optimization reset, and not the progression of ID being optimized which is now controlled by mapbayest(progress = TRUE).
• Stop exporting derivatives(), now replaced by mapbayr:::h().
• Stop exporting mbrlib() and associated models. See the "Model examples" section below.

Model examples

The example models system was totally re-thought around a new function: exmodel(). It now embeds several models that were used in the validation study, with a small corresponding dataset that can be loaded automatically (the default). They are used in multiple places inside the package, especially in tests and examples. More models could be added in the future.

• Export exmodel(). See the list of available models in the documentation.
• Export exdata(), to load data only.

Miscellaneous

• New argument: mapbayest(progress = TRUE) displays a progress bar with the number of the ID being optimized. #118 #28
• New argument value: mapbayest(output = "eta") returns only estimated ETA in order to skip most of post-processing steps. #106
• eta_descr() now always returns a non-NA value even if description is missing. #87
• New function: do_compute_ofv(), a wrapper around do.call(compute_ofv, ...).
• Add Dependency: {progress}.
• Add Suggestion: {testthat}, {minqa}. #120
• Improve the performance of objective function value calculation. Now use a faster parameter update, pre-validate data and refactor the computation of the H matrix. Thanks @kylebaron for the useful suggestions. #104 #111
• Improve tests. Now work with example models which is overall lighter, faster, more consistent, more unitary. Also, they are run during R CMD check.
• Improve documentation: some monographs were merged, and some gained an example section thanks to the new example models system.

Bug fixes

• plot_phi() now plots correct values on the x-axis. #108
• No warning when plotting data with DV being NA. #114
• No warning when updating a model without covariates. #115
• No systematic reset if one "ETA" to estimate. #116
• No errors at the end of reset-related messages. #119

mapbayr 0.6.0 (2022-02-18)

This version of mapbayr introduces several features that aim to express uncertainty around the point estimate. Please note that the results of these functions were not validated vs a gold-standard software such as NONMEM. This is why they are referred as "experimental features" in the following subsections. They are exported with the objective to ease their future validation, and to provide a very rough idea of the estimation uncertainty.

Breaking changes

• Remove data slot in estimation object. Use get_data() instead. #64
• The $model@args$data is now always NULL in the estimation object. It was carried out if the data was initially passed with data_set() or built with adm_lines()/obs_lines(). #64
• The time grid used to plot the results is now adapted as function of data, and not fixed (refactor of augment). Also use recsort=3 to deal with steady-state administrations. #85
• Argument passed to plot() are now directly passed to augment().
• Depends on mrgsolve >= 1.0.0 to use the newly exported collapse_omega() function. (thanks @kylebaron)

Experimental features

• Compute and use a normal approximation of conditional distribution. The function called in mapbayest(hessian = ) is used to compute the hessian with stats::optimHess() by default. The variance-covariance matrix is returned in a covariance slot in the estimation object, and can be accessed with get_cov().
• Simulate with uncertainty. use_posterior(update_omega = TRUE) update the OMEGA matrix with the covariance matrix, in order to simulate with uncertainty and derive confidence intervals.
• Plot confidence interval. plot(ci = TRUE) displays approximate confidence intervals on predicted concentrations. Parameter uncertainty is approximated with the covariance matrix. Confidence interval computation relies on the delta approximation (ci_method = "delta"), but can also be computed thanks to simulations (see augment() documentation).

New exports

• get_cov(): function to get the covariance matrix of estimation. #43
• get_phi(), read_nmphi(), merge_phi() and plot_phi(): functions to compare the estimations vs NONMEM. #55
• est001: an example mapbayests estimation object. #94

use_posterior()

• add update_omega, update_cov, and update_eta arguments to control what to update.
• .zero_re default behavior now depends on update_ arguments values.
• no longer warns if time-varying covariates are used. The first value will be used by default.
• now works on multiple individuals: a list of mrgsolve models will be returned if multiple individuals found.

Miscellaneous

• Print a message indicating a difficulty when there is a reset during optimization, instead of a warning indicating an error. #96
• mapbayest(verbose = ) now mutes the message that indicates a reset during optimization. #96
• Remove the attributes of opt.value inherited from optimx. #95
• Detect non-numeric column(s). Stop and inform the user if any. #86 #88 (thanks @jkamp91)
• get_data() can now return a list of individual data sets with output = "list". #64
• Check for undesirable zero in OMEGA/SIGMA matrices instead of crashing. #44
• Remove stats from dependencies.
• Add Kyle Baron as contributor.
• Update README since article publication.
• Update documentation.

mapbayr 0.5.0 (2021-07-27)

Important

• Add new reset conditions: with new initial values if same absolute value for every etas, with larger bounds if estimation at bound. Additional refactoring about reset as well. see #75
• Add an "information" slot to the output, with time records and package version #69
• Remove dependency to the @annotated tag in model code, especially for $PARAM and $CMT blocks. #73
• As a consequence, adm_lines() and obs_lines() don't need the [ADM] and [OBS] tags in model code anymore (yet strongly recommended, otherwise it errors cleanly).

Others

• Update README since first CRAN release
• Check where sigma is equal to zero if error is exponential #45
• Use log_transformation() instead of log.transformation() #24
• Use unnamed data.frame instead of tibble in get_param() #77
• Remove the message when a mapbayests object was passed to plot() without augment() before. #80
• Don't stop if no observation in data (no fix, just a test actually) #23
• Fix minor testthat bugs due to upgrade of R and French translation of warnings.
• Fix bug in plot() legend, due to new version of ggplot2 3.3.4 #82

mapbayr 0.4.1 (2021-04-30)

• Fix bugs (dependency, backward compatibility, checks)
• Remove random initial value for method "NEWUOA". Default to 0.1 for each parameter.

mapbayr 0.4

• More features to hist() function
• Use mapbayest() instead of mbrest()
• Use get_data() instead of see_data()
• Use get_param() to access a posteriori captured parameters
• Use get_eta() to access eta values
• Use use_posterior() to update model with posterior parameters, and perform simulations from mapbayests object.

mapbayr 0.3

Users :

• Remove arg.ofv from output.
• Add arg.ofv.fix and arg.ofv.id into output. Avoid redundancy and decrease the weight of the mbrests object.
• mapbay_tab output improved: return a posteriori captured items and covariates (among other)
• Variables passed in dataset cannot be defined in model, except if defined with @covariates.

Internal

• Fix and id-varying arguments for ofv processing are dealed separately.
• Data helpers are now 'mrgmod' methods
• Maximum reset = 50
• Maximum iteration defaults to 9999
• New ini reset with samples in mvgauss, still respecting l-bfgs-b bounds (testthatted).
• Fix bugs #41 #42 #37

mapbayr 0.2.2

• mbraugment(), mbrplot() and mbrhist() are deleted, and replaced by augment(), plot() and hist() S3 methods.
• Re-organize internal .R files.
• Rename post process functions.
• Re-write documentation and arguments of mbrest() and its internal process. #32

mapbayr 0.2.1

• Features:

  • Refactor adm_lines() and obs_lines() function. adm_lines() is now based on mrgsolve::ev, and can accept "ss" specification. Covered by tests.
  • Check for mandatory columns in data set. MDV automatically supplied. #31
  • Check the model to see if it fills mapbayr specification. Covered with tests
  • [OBS] is not mandatory in $CMT if there is only one compartment with observations in the dataset.

• Fix bugs:

  • Throw an error if no dataset is passed. #29
  • Refactor MDV == 1 or MDV == 0 behaviour to simulate with every lines. #30
  • mbraugment with n compartments > 1 and n ID > 1 #33

• Miscellaneous:

  • Update README
  • Remove some useless functions
  • ofv computation now uses mrgsim_q() faster than basic mrgsim_df (theoretically because I did not benchmarked)
  • Added a NEWS.md file to track changes to the package.

mapbayr 0.2.0

• First version in NEWS.md